WV · last verified 2026-05-12
West Virginia — NSA dispute pathway
Ground-ambulance balance-billing law
STATE LAW APPLIES
W. Va. Code §§33-15-24, 33-16-20, 33-24-46, 33-25-23, 33-25A-37 (SB 632, 2025 RS)
State IDR pathway
[VERIFY PENDING]
Federal IDR (45 CFR §149.510)
ERISA self-funded plans
STATE DOI HAS NO JURISDICTION
Self-funded plans always route to Federal IDR + DOL/EBSA enforcement, regardless of state.
How West Virginia fits the NSA picture
West Virginia SB 632 (2025 RS) generalizes ground-ambulance balance-billing protection across five parallel insurance-code sections. 400% Medicare floor or billed charges (lesser); patient cannot be billed beyond cost-share. Effective 2026-01-01.
State DOI consumer-protection entry ↗Statute: W. Va. Code §§33-15-24, 33-16-20, 33-24-46, 33-25-23, 33-25A-37 (SB 632, 2025 RS)
Free first step — CMS No Surprises Help Desk
The CMS-administered consumer complaint pathway. Free, federal, and the recommended first action for any balance-billed insured patient. You have 90 calendar days from when you knew or should have known of the NSA violation to file.