VA · last verified 2026-05-12
Virginia — NSA dispute pathway
Ground-ambulance balance-billing law
NO STATE LAW
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State IDR pathway
[VERIFY PENDING]
Federal IDR (45 CFR §149.510)
ERISA self-funded plans
STATE DOI HAS NO JURISDICTION
Self-funded plans always route to Federal IDR + DOL/EBSA enforcement, regardless of state.
How Virginia fits the NSA picture
Va. Code §38.2-3445.01 covers emergency services and nonemergency surgical/ancillary services at in-network facilities. Ground ambulance is not enumerated and is generally treated as outside the scope.
Free first step — CMS No Surprises Help Desk
The CMS-administered consumer complaint pathway. Free, federal, and the recommended first action for any balance-billed insured patient. You have 90 calendar days from when you knew or should have known of the NSA violation to file.